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“One of the most controversial medical procedures in history” is the title of this TED-Ed video about lobotomies.

About ninety years ago, surgeons who were taking advantage of low-income immigrant women convinced my grandmother in New York City to have her older son, who was a smart, but rambunctious child, undergo the surgery to “calm” him down. He was then institutionalized for over seventy years, and my grandmother never forgave herself.