Anthropology or Economics , Which optional is better for UPSC CSE exam?
Introduction
Choosing the right optional subject in UPSC CSE Mains can greatly impact your overall score and final rank. While both Anthropology and Economics have produced toppers in the past, each comes with its unique set of advantages and challenges. If you’re torn between these two subjects, this guide offers an in-depth analysis to help you make an informed decision based on your background, aptitude, and preparation strategy.
1. Syllabus & Subject Nature
- Anthropology is considered one of the most concise and scoring optional subjects. It covers human evolution, biological anthropology, society, kinship, and Indian tribal studies. The syllabus is relatively static and factual in nature.
- Economics is a more dynamic and analytical subject. It covers microeconomics, macroeconomics, growth and development, international economics, and post-independence Indian economy. It is concept-heavy and requires technical understanding.
Verdict: Anthropology has a shorter and more predictable syllabus, while Economics is broad and technical.
2. Background Suitability
- Anthropology is often chosen by science graduates, medical students, and even aspirants from humanities due to its accessibility and straightforward concepts. No prior background is necessary.
- Economics is ideal for candidates with a background in economics, commerce, or engineering. Non-economics graduates may find it difficult to grasp technical aspects like graphs and mathematical equations.
Verdict: Anthropology is beginner-friendly; Economics is suitable for those with subject background or strong analytical skills.
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3. Scoring Potential
- Anthropology is one of the highest scoring optional subjects in UPSC with many candidates scoring 280+ marks. It allows for diagram-based answers and structured writing.
- Economics can also be rewarding for those who master the subject. However, its scoring trend is inconsistent, and students often face difficulty in paper II (Indian Economy).
Verdict: Anthropology has a more consistent scoring pattern with less unpredictability.
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4. Overlap with General Studies
- Anthropology overlaps with GS I (society and culture), GS IV (ethics in tribal administration), and Essay. However, its overall GS overlap is limited.
- Economics has significant overlap with GS III (Indian economy, budget, economic surveys), GS II (government schemes), and is highly useful in essay and interview.
Verdict: Economics provides better utility for GS papers and current affairs, especially in GS III and the Interview.
5. Availability of Guidance & Resources
- Anthropology has become popular recently, leading to an increase in resources. Coaching from experts like Dr. Huma Hassan at Plutus IAS and structured test series are now easily available.
- Economics has fewer expert mentors and coaching options. However, institutes like Plutus IAS with guidance from Prateek Tripathi Sir are emerging as reliable choices.
Verdict: Anthropology has slightly better resource availability, especially for beginners.
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Comparative Table – Anthropology vs Economics
| Factors | Anthropology | Economics |
|---|---|---|
| Syllabus Length | Short & manageable | Extensive & technical |
| Background Needed | No background required | Economics/Commerce preferred |
| Scoring Potential | High & consistent | Good but unpredictable |
| GS Overlap | Limited (GS I, IV) | Strong (GS III, Essay, Interview) |
| Diagram Use | Yes, boosts score | Limited use |
| Coaching & Support | Widely available | Limited to few institutions |
Final Verdict: Which Optional Should You Choose?
If you’re looking for a concise, easy-to-score, and beginner-friendly optional, Anthropology is the better choice. It is particularly ideal for those from science or medical backgrounds or those without economics exposure.
On the other hand, if you have a strong background in economics, enjoy analytical problem-solving, and want a subject that helps in GS III and the interview stage, Economics can be a powerful tool—especially with the right mentorship like Prateek Tripathi’s Economics Optional Test Series at Plutus IAS.
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